Marioridou Ι. DVM, Postgraduate student of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care at the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece | Zaprides V. DVM, Resident of ECVAA, Unit of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece | Lorida O. DVM, PhD Candidate, Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece | Papadimitriou S. DVM, Dentist, PhD, Surgery Unit, Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece | Kazakos G. DVM, PhD, Unit of Anesthesiology - Intensive Care, Companion Animal Clinic, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Introduction
Anaphylactic reaction is a potentially serious hypersensitivity reaction. It is manifested by symptoms from the cardiovascular, respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. Occasionally skin or eye symptoms may occur. There are not enough reports of intraoperative anaphylaxis in the veterinary literature. A clinical case in a dog that developed an anaphylactic reaction intraoperatively is presented.
Materials and methods
In a healthy 13 year old female spayed Pincher dog, of anesthetic severity ASA 2, teeth extractions and periodontal therapy were performed. Medications administered included dexmedetomidine 150μg/ m2 IM, propofol 1 mg/kg IV, meloxicam 0.1mg/kg IV, tramadol 3 mg/kg IV, lidocaine for local anesthesia and isoflurane on O2.
Results
The dog experienced intraoperative sudden facial and periocular swelling and a decrease in arterial pressure. It was treated by administering adrenaline 0.01mg/kg IV followed by a continuous infusion of 0.05μg/kg/min IV. The blood pressure was restored and at the end of the surgery, the swelling decreased, and the adrenaline was discontinued.
Conclusions
Anaphylactic reaction can be triggered by a variety of antigenic agents. The diagnosis is made clinically, with the key criterion being an abrupt decrease in arterial pressure. Treatment of choice is adrenaline.
