Roumelioti Κ. DVM, Private Practitioner, MSc, Vetmed Polygonou, Echovet | Flarakos Μ. DVM, Private Practitioner, Vetclinic Flarakos | Kafasis Τ. DVM, Private Practitioner, MSc, Vetmed Polygonou | Dimitrelos Α. VetStudent, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece | Mantziaras G. DVM, Private Practitioner, PhD, Echovet
Introduction
Hypospadias is a genetic anomaly characterized by ectopic protrusion of the external orifice of the urethra. It is rarely found in cats and is usually associated with abnormal development of the genitals (DSD).
The purpose of the present study is the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of DSD, in the context of a modern small animal practice.
Clinical case
A ragdoll cat with ambiguous genitalia at birth, was presented at 8 months of age with symptoms of polyuria and hematuria. Clinical examination revealed normal physical development, the presence of testes, hypoplastic penis and perineal hypospadias.
Results
Mild leukocytosis, elevated testosterone and anti- Müllerian hormone levels as well as decreased estrogen values were found after blood testing. Urinalysis revealed abundant phosphate crystals, presence of hemoglobin, and an increase in the protein-to-creatinine ratio, with a positive culture for Staphylococcus chromogenes. In the ultrasound examination and computed tomography,the urinary system was imaged with a perineal protrusion of the external opening of the urethra, two fully developed testes in the scrotum, prostate, two bulbourethroid glands while female genitalia were absent. Finally, after genetic testing, the AMELY gene (adamantinogenin), a genotypic marker of male sex, was discovered.
The final therapeutic proposal was the application of conservative medication and monitoring of the animal's growth and clinical symptoms of UTI.
Conclusions
In conclusion, cats with hypospadias and abnormally developed genital organs, need a special diagnostic approach with the aim for the appropriate treatment. Finally, it is necessary to record and study similar cases with the aim of establishing protocols for their management.
