Pitropaki M. DVM, MSc, PhD student, Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece | Xenoulis P. Associate Professor, Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, Karditsa and Adjunct Professor, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
Introduction
Idiopathic hyperlipidemia is common in certain breeds (e.g. Miniature Schnauzer). The aim of the study was to describe the clinical picture, laboratory findings and response to treatment in three dogs of breeds without a predisposition to the disease.
Clinical cases
A Westie, a Jack Russel and a dog of unspecified breed were included. Two dogs presented due to chronic diarrhea and one due to increased liver enzyme activities.
Results
In the first case serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were 567 mg/dL (normal range 20-112 mg/dL) and 367 mg/dL (normal range 135- 270 mg/dL), in the second 1091 mg /dL and 412 mg/dL and in the third 2700 mg/dL and 349 mg/ dL, respectively. After the diagnosis of idiopathic hyperlipidemia, treatment was initially based on feeding a low-fat diet. One month after, the concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol in 2 cases were within normal values while in the 3rd case fenofibrate was administered. All 3 cases had elevated liver enzymes at initial presentation, which decreased along with triglyceride and cholesterol values.
Conclusion
Serum triglycerides and cholesterol should be included in the basic biochemical profile in dogs of all breeds, as hyperlipidemia is an important clinical condition that requires a systematic diagnostic approach and appropriate treatment.
