Karoulia E. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Karagkouni M. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Konstantinidis A.O. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Tachmazidou A. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Kitkas G. Private Practitioner, Thessaloniki
Koutinas C. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Adamama-Moraitou K.K. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Soubasis N. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Mylonakis M.E. Unit of Medicine, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterrinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Introduction
Phenobarbital responsive sialadenosis is an uncommon disease in dogs, characterized, by bilateral, smooth, and painless enlargement of salivary glands, which responds rapidly to phenobarbital administration. This study reports the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach and treatment of 3 canine cases of mandibular salivary gland sialadenosis.
Clinical cases
Two female and one male dog, two mixed -breed and a Miniature Pinscher, were presented with a history of chronic vomiting and regurgitation (3/3), hypersalivation (2/3), cough (2/3), depression (2/3), anorexia (2/3) and respiratory distress (2/3).These symptoms were noted after the successful treatment of pancreatits (1/3) and a neck wound (1/3). Physical examination revealed hypersalivation, frequent swallowing efforts and painless bilateral enlargement of the submandibular salivary glands (2/3). Salivary gland cytology examination revealed no appreciable abnormalities. Symptomatic treatment was unsuccessful. A therapeutic trial with phenobarbital was initiated (2 mg/kg/24h orally).
Results
Treatment with phenobarbital resulted in significant clinical improvement at first and complete remission in 2-5 days. In a 6-12 months follow up, complete remission and discontinuation of phenobarbital (2/3) or relapse (1/3), was observed.
Conclusions
Sialadenosis may be a differential in dogs presented with bilateral, painless enlargement of the submandibular salivary glands. Although its etiology remains obscure it is presumed to represent a variant of limbic epilepsy. Diagnostic criteria include the typical clinical signs, enlarged salivary glands with no pathologic changes and rapid response to phenobarbital administration.
References
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- Alcoverro E, Tabar M-D, Lloret A, et al. (2015) Phenobarbital-responsive sialadenosis in dogs: case series. Top Companion Anim Med pp. 109-12.
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